Real Investment Decisions under Information Constraints
نویسندگان
چکیده
CIRANO is a private non-profit organization incorporated under the Québec Companies Act. Its infrastructure and research activities are funded through fees paid by member organizations, an infrastructure grant from the Ministère de lIndustrie, du Commerce, de la Science et de la Technologie, and grants and research mandates obtained by its research teams. The Scientific Series fulfils one of the missions of CIRANO: to develop the scientific analysis of organizations and strategic behaviour. En présence dasymétrie dinformation entre propriétaires (le principal) et administrateurs (lagent), la relation investissement coût du capital et la relation investissement valeur implicite du capital subissent une distorsion pour tous les types. Dans un modèle avec coût dajustement par ailleurs standard, il apparaît notamment un régime dinaction pour une certaine gamme de coûts. Ce phénomène se présente sous une forme différente de ce quimplique la présence de coûts fixes ou dirréversibilités, mais ressemble à ce qui survient lorsque le coût du capital est différent pour une hausse que pour une baisse du stock. Lincertitude, qui prend la forme dun élargissement de la distribution des types, tend cependant à réduire linvestissement. Le modèle clarifie linterprétation du q de Tobin sous asymétrie dinformation et explique certains résultats de la littérature sur les fusions et acquisitions. We investigate investment behavior when there is asymmetry of information between owners (the principal) and managers (the agent). The model accepts the standard cost-of-adjustment model as a particular case and is directly compared with it. For all types, information asymmetry distorts the relationship between investment and the cost of capital, and the relationship between investment and the shadow value of capital. In particular, a regime of inaction appears over a certain cost range, in an observationnally different way than when fixed adjustment costs, or irreversibilities, cause a similar phenomenon. Uncertainty, in the form of an increase in the spread of agents types, tends to reduce investment despite symmetric adjustment cost and perfect competition. The model clarifies the interpretation of Tobins q under asymmetric information and explains some results of the mergers and acquisition literature.
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